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Small but strong. The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located on the throat, above the clavicle. It controls many of the most important body functions and produces hormones that affect breathing, heart rate, digestion and body temperature. Then we answer six basic questions about this vital gland for human metabolism.
What are thyroid problems?
When talking about thyroid gland disorders, the most common are: hyperthyroidism (when the thyroid gland produces more thyroid hormone than the body needs). And hypothyroidism (when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone). But they are not the only ones. In addition, there are other problems, such as the mucosa, which is the enlarged thyroid. Also, thyroid cancer and nodules: Thyroid Thyroids. And thyroiditis: swelling of the thyroid.
What are the main symptoms of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism?
"The most typical symptoms of hyperthyroidism are lack of muscle strength, insomnia, nervousness, vibration, palpitations, eye changes (eye swelling) and goiter, among others," says Ana María Orlandi, head of the Thyroid department of the Endocrinology Unit Álvarez Hospital and President of the Argentine Society for Endocrinology and Metabolism.
And it underlines the most typical symptoms of hypothyroidism: fatigue, increased cold sensitivity, severe constipation, drowsiness, generalized edema, dry skin and brittle nails, among others. "In both cases, symptoms may be rare in subclinical or serious illnesses when consultation or diagnosis is delayed and the change is evolving," he says.
What is subclinical thyroid disease?
Subclinical hyperthyroidism is a picture of mild or mono-symptomatic hyperthyroidism, characterized by low levels of TSH and normal peripheral hormones (T4 and T3). Conversely, subclinical hypothyroidism is a mild degree of thyroid deficiency, which occurs with elevated TSH and with normal peripheral hormones.
And how is it treated?
The treatment of these conditions depends on the age of the patient, the biological moment, the relationship with the pregnancy, the fertility search, and more situations. "Taking into account these factors, treatment can be postponed, starting gradually or in the same way as thyroid disease," says Orlandi.
These diseases affect women more than men. It's like that; Why;
"While the cause-and-effect relationship has not been clearly demonstrated, it is believed that since women have 2 X chromosomes, they could potentially receive a dual genetic susceptibility dose." This seems to be clearer for the development of autoimmune thyroid disorders, "he explains. the expert.
And how else does these diseases affect the health of women?
In disorders of the menstrual cycle. The thyroid helps control the menstrual cycle. Depending on the amount of thyroid hormone, periods may be very rare, prolonged or irregular. Thyroid disease can also make the menstrual period go away for several months or even longer.
Does it also cause difficulty in capturing?
Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can make pregnancy difficult. This is because thyroid hormone problems can change the balance of hormones that are responsible for ovulation. Several studies have found a higher incidence of clinical or subclinical thyroid deficiency in sterile women, compared to control women. However, to date there is no evidence to show the actual incidence of infertility in these women.
Causes problems in pregnancy?
Thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy can cause health problems for mother and baby. For example, pregnancies in hypothyroid women are associated with more miscarriages and / or premature births, according to the expert. That is why it is important to have controls to block or detect problems before you become pregnant and during pregnancy.
What is thyroiditis after childbirth?
It consists of thyroid inflammation after childbirth and will affect 10 percent of women. Postpartum thyroiditis often feels exhausted and fun. It is important to know that this condition usually goes unnoticed, because the symptoms are very similar to depression after childbirth. It could also be premature menopause. If the immune system causes thyroid disease, other glands, such as the ovaries, can be undermined. This may cause premature menopause (the cycle stops before the age of 40).
PAPER TAPIA
LA NACIÓN (Argentina) – GDA
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